Jumat, 29 April 2011

A Little Friend

That was a bad day for our Mr. Lion King. During his chase to catch a rabbit he sprang into a small bush from where he came out not with the rabbit but with a large thorn in his palm.

He cried for help. He tried his best to pull out the thorn. He shook his hand, tried to pull out the thorn with his mouth etc. but all his efforts was in vain. The thorn began to smile at Mr. Lion.

Then he asked other animals for help. But they all feared the lion. So no animals came to help him.

At last the lion approached the clever fox. The king asked, “Can you pull out the thorn please. I am suffering very much with pain.”

The fox said, “I am not very expert in this task. But I have a little friend who is very expert in this work. I will surely ask him to help you. But I have some demands.”

“What are your demands?” asked the king.

“It is not just food or money Your Majesty! You should allow me to give you five kicks on your back!” the fox said.

The lion king asked with surprise and anger “Do you want to kick me? Don’t you know who I am?”

“I know! I know! But it is not my need to remove thorn from your palm. If you don’t want I am going. Good Bye” said the fox.

“Hey! Wait! Wait!” said the lion and he began to think for a moment “I am suffering with the pain of the thorn. It has to be pulled out. Let him kick me five times. I just want to remove the thorn. After taking the thorn I will eat up his little friend.”

The fox then began to kick the Lion King with his permission. One, two, three… like that. The fox called his little friend.

There comes a little porcupine. He pulled out the thorn with great ease. The pain in the palm of the lion was reduced. But his mind became filled with anger, grief and disappointment. What to say! He was very much disappointed in thinking how he can take revenge for the five kicks he got from the fox. How can he eat the porcupine with thousands of quills? At last he had to bow down before the great intelligence of the clever fox.

Penjelasan Direct And Indirect

Kalimat Langsung Dan Kalimat Tak Langsung

Bilamana reported speech menyatakan kata-kata yang sebenarnya, ini disebut direct speech (kalimat langsung). Kalimat-kalimat tersebut tidak dihubungkan oleh “that” melainkan harus ditandai dengan (tanda baca) koma.

Bilamana reported speech memberikan isi pokok kata-kata yang dipakai oleh si pembicara dan bukan kata-kata yang sebenarnya ini disebut indirect speech (kalimat tidak langsung). Dalam indirect speech kalimat-kalimat itu dihubungkan dengan kata “that”.

Bentuk waktu reporting verb tidak diubah, akan tetapi bentuk waktu reported speech harus diubah berdasarkan atas bentuk waktu reporting verb.

Dua cara perubahan bentuk waktu pada reported speech :

Peraturan I

Kalau reporting verb itu past tense, bentuk waktu kata kerja dalam reported speech itu harus diubah ke dalam salah satu dari empat bentuk past tense.

Direct Speech – Indirect Speech

Simple present – menjadi – Simple past

He said ” The woman comes “ He said that the woman came

Dari contoh di atas dapat disimpulkan perubahan untuk bentuk waktu dari reported speech sebagai berikut :
Direct Speech

Simple present

Present continuous

Present perfect

Present perfect continuous

Simple past

Past continuous

Future

Present
Indirect Speech

Simple past

Past continuous

Past perfect

Past perfect continuous

Past perfect

Past perfect continuous

Past

Past

Kekecualian :

Kalau reported speech berhubungan dengan kebenaran umum atau fakta yang sudah menjadi

kebiasaan, present indefinite atau simple present dalam reported speech tidak diubah ke dalam

bentuk lampau yang sesuai, melainkan tetap persis sebagaimana adanmya, contoh :

Direct Speech – Indirect Speech

He said, “The sun rises in the east” – He said that the sun rises in the east

Dalam reported speech, bila present tense diubah ke dalam past tense dengan peraturan I, kata sifat, kata kerja atau kata keterangan umumnya diubah:
Direct Speech

this = ini

these = ini

come = datang

here = di sini, ke sini

hence = dari sini

hither = ke tempat ini

ago = yang lalu

now = sekarang

today = hari ini

tomorrow = besok

yesterday = kemarin

last night = tadi malam

next week = minggu depan

thus = begini

contoh :

He said, “I will come here”.
Indirect Speech

that = itu

those = itu

go = pergi

there = di sana, ke sana

thence = dari sana

thither = ke tempat itu

before = lebih dahulu

then = pada waktu itu

that day = hari itu

next day = hari berikutnya

the previous day = sehari sebelumnya

the previous night = semalam sebelumnya

the following week = minggu berikutnya

so = begitu

He said that he would go there

Akan tetapi kalau this, here, now dan sebagainya menunjukan pada benda, tempat atau waktu ketika berbicara, maka tidak dilakukan perubahan.

Agus said, “This is my pen”. – Agus said that this was his pen

(ketika berbicara pena berada di tangan pembicara)

Peraturan II

1) Bila reported speech kalimat berita

Dengan peraturan ini reporting verb dianggap dalam present atau future tense tertentu dan kapan saja ini terjadi, bentuk waktu dari kata kerja dalam reported speech tidak diubah sama sekali dalam mengubah direct menjadi indirect speech.

Reporting verb – Reported speech

Present tense – Any tense (bentuk waktu apapun)

Direct : She says to her friend, ” I have been writing “.

Indirect : She says to her friend that he has been writing. (tidak berubah)

Direct : She has told you, ” I am reading “.

Indirect : She has told you that he is reading. (tidak berubah)

Direct : She will say, ” You have done wrongly “.

Indirect : She will tell you that you have done wrongly. (tidak berubah)

Direct : She will say,” The boy wasn’t lazy “.

Indirect : She will tell them that the boy wasn’t lazy. (tidak berubah)

2) Bila reported speech merupakan kalimat tanya

a) Reporting verb say atau tell diubah menjadi ask atau inquire. Dengan mengulangi kata tanya dan mengubah tenses jika pertanyaannya dimulai dengan kata tanya diberitakan.
Direct

He said to me, “Where are you going?”

He said to me, “What are you doing?”
Indirect

He asked me where I was going

He inquired of me what I was doing

b) Dengan menggunakan if atau whether sebagai penghubung antara reporting verb dan reported speech dan mengubah tenses, jika pertanyaannya dimulai dengan kata kerja diberitakan :
Direct

He said to me, “Are you going

away today?”

He asked me , “can you come along?”
Indirect

He asked me whether I was

going away that day.

He asked me if I could come along.

3) Kalimat perintah (imperative sentences)

Bila reported speech merupakan kalimat perintah, reporting verb say atau tell harus diubah menjadi kata kerja tertentu yang menandakan :

· command (perintah), misalnya ordered, commanded, dsb yang berarti menyuruh, memerintahkan.
· precept (petunjuk, bimbingan, didikan), misalnya advised yang berarti menasehati.
· request (permohonan), misalnya asked yang berarti meminta, memohon.
· entreaty (permohonan yang sangat mendesak), misalnya begged yang berarti meminta, memohon (dengan sangat).
· prohibition (larangan), misalnya forbade yang berarti melarang.

Dalam perubahannya dari kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat tidak langsung, modus imperatif harus diganti dengan infinitif. Tegasnya, reported verb (kata kerja yang diberitakan atau kata kerja dalam reported speech) harus diubah menjadi infinitive with to.

Contoh Direct And Indirect

a) Command :

Direct: He said to his servant, “Go away at once!”

Indirect:He ordered his servant to go away at once

b) Precept :

Direct: She said to her son, “Study hard!”

Indirect: He advised her son to study hard

c) Request :

Direct: He said to his friend, “Please lend me your pen!”

Indirect: He asked his friend to be kind enough to lend him his pencil

d) Entreaty :

Direct: He said to his master, “Pardon me, sir”

Indirect: He begged his master to pardon him.

e) Prohibition :

Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”

Indirect: She forbade her daughter to go there

Kalau reporting verb say atau tell diubah menjadi reported verb ask, order, command dsb (tapi jika bukan forbid), predikatnya diubah ke dalam infinitive with to yang didahului oleh not atau no + infinitive with to.

Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”

Indirect: She asked herdaughter not to go there.

Rabu, 30 Maret 2011

Rotten hate

A Mother's Kindergarten teacher (Kindergarten) held a "game".
EACH student teacher asks the Mother Brings a bag of fruit and potatoes transparent plastic. EACH potato was given the name of the person who hated the name on, so the number of potatoes do not determine how ... depending on the number of people hated.

On the day EACH student Agreed Brought potatoes in a plastic bag. There are a number 2, there are three events there are 5. Like Their Teachers EACH command potato was named as the name of a hated people. Pupils Should bring a plastic bag containing potatoes are They go anywhere, even to the toilet though, for 1 week.

Day by day, potatoes began to rot, the students began to complain, let alone That Brought five pieces of potatoes, heavy smell Besides Also note Tasty. After 1 week Kindergarten students feel relieved Suffering Because Their Earnest end soon.

Mother Teacher: "What's it like to bring During 1 week potatoes?"

Exit complaints from Kindergarten students, They do not feel comfortable in general must bring these rotten potatoes Wherever They Go. Teachers Explain what the meaning of "game" They are doing.

Mother Teacher: "Such was the hatred That We always carry Cans if We do not forgive others. It was very unpleasant to bring potato rot Wherever we go. It's just 1 week. How if We bring hate it for life? Would not comfortable .. .

17 Things to remember

Everyone longed for a better future; success in your career,
household and social relations, but we often bumped by various
constraints. And in fact the biggest obstacle is ourselves.
Through his work, Joel Osteen challenges us to get out of that mindset
narrow and begin to think with the new paradigm.

There are 7 steps that we achieve the maximum potential of life:

* The first step is to expand horizons. You have to look at life
with eyes of faith, look at yourself being bolted to a higher level.
You must have a clear mental picture of what you will achieve.
This description should be a part of you, in your mind, in percakapanmu,
seep into your subconscious mind, in deeds and in every
aspects of life.

* Step two is to develop a healthy self image. That means you must
underlying picture yourself on what God says about you.
Success of achieving the goal depends on how you look
yourself and what you feel about yourself. Because it will determine
your confidence level in acting. The fact that you will not
never shot higher than what you imagine about yourself

* Step three is to discover the power behind the mind and perkataanmu.
The main target of enemy attacks is the mind. He knew if he
successfully control and manipulate what you think, then he
will successfully control and manipulate all your life.
Your thoughts determine behavior, attitude and self image. The mind set goals.
The Bible warns us to always keep the mind.

* Step four is to release the past, let it go ...
You may just have lost everything that no one should experience it
in this life. If you want to live victoriously, you are not allowed to wear
trauma of the past as an excuse to make bad choices at this time.
You must dare not make the past as an excuse for your bad attitude
so far, or justify your actions to not forgive someone.

* Step five is to find a power in the most adverse circumstances even
We have to act: "I can just drop a few times in this life, but
but I will not continue to stay down there. "We all face
challenges in life. We all must have experienced things that come
attack us. We may be imposed from outside, but the key to life
victorious is to learn how to rise again from the inside.


* Step six is ​​to give with joy. One of the biggest challenges
we face is the temptation to live self-absorbed.
For we know that God does want what's best for us,
He wants us to prosper, to enjoy the grace and many more that he provided for us,
but sometimes we forget and get caught up in selfish behavior.
Indeed we will experience more joy than ever imagined
if we want to share life with others.

* Step seven is to choose to be happy today. You do not have to wait
until all persoalanmu resolved. You do not have to postpone happiness
until you reach all the mark. God wants you to be happy whatever your condition,
now!...

Achieving Maximum Potential Life

Everyone longed for a better future; success in your career,
household and social relations, but we often bumped by various
constraints. And in fact the biggest obstacle is ourselves.
Through his work, Joel Osteen challenges us to get out of that mindset
narrow and begin to think with the new paradigm.

There are 7 steps that we achieve the maximum potential of life:

* The first step is to expand horizons. You have to look at life
with eyes of faith, look at yourself being bolted to a higher level.
You must have a clear mental picture of what you will achieve.
This description should be a part of you, in your mind, in percakapanmu,
seep into your subconscious mind, in deeds and in every
aspects of life.

* Step two is to develop a healthy self image. That means you must
underlying picture yourself on what God says about you.
Success of achieving the goal depends on how you look
yourself and what you feel about yourself. Because it will determine
your confidence level in acting. The fact that you will not
never shot higher than what you imagine about yourself

* Step three is to discover the power behind the mind and perkataanmu.
The main target of enemy attacks is the mind. He knew if he
successfully control and manipulate what you think, then he
will successfully control and manipulate all your life.
Your thoughts determine behavior, attitude and self image. The mind set goals.
The Bible warns us to always keep the mind.

* Step four is to release the past, let it go ...
You may just have lost everything that no one should experience it
in this life. If you want to live victoriously, you are not allowed to wear
trauma of the past as an excuse to make bad choices at this time.
You must dare not make the past as an excuse for your bad attitude
so far, or justify your actions to not forgive someone.

* Step five is to find a power in the most adverse circumstances even
We have to act: "I can just drop a few times in this life, but
but I will not continue to stay down there. "We all face
challenges in life. We all must have experienced things that come
attack us. We may be imposed from outside, but the key to life
victorious is to learn how to rise again from the inside.


* Step six is ​​to give with joy. One of the biggest challenges
we face is the temptation to live self-absorbed.
For we know that God does want what's best for us,
He wants us to prosper, to enjoy the grace and many more that he provided for us,
but sometimes we forget and get caught up in selfish behavior.
Indeed we will experience more joy than ever imagined
if we want to share life with others.

* Step seven is to choose to be happy today. You do not have to wait
until all persoalanmu resolved. You do not have to postpone happiness
until you reach all the mark. God wants you to be happy whatever your condition,
now!

5 Contoh Kalimat Active Passive Voice

1.
Active : He would be meeting them.
Passive : They would be being met by him.

2.
Active : She would be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.

3.
Active : He is meeting them now.
Passive : They are being met by him now.

4.
Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon.

5.
Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here